What does an epidemiologist do? – Tasks and Work Environment
An epidemiologist is a medical specialist responsible for preventing, identifying, and managing outbreaks of infectious diseases in society. Tasks include epidemiological investigations, contact tracing, advising healthcare providers and authorities, and developing and implementing infection control strategies. Epidemiologists often work closely with the Public Health Agency, regional infectious disease units, and other health organizations. The work environment is mainly office-based but can also involve fieldwork during outbreaks, participating in preparedness drills, and training healthcare personnel.
Salary development over time
The profession of epidemiologist has experienced clear positive salary growth in recent years. In 2022, the average salary was 86,400 SEK per month, increasing to 92 200 SEK in 2023 and further up to 93 600 SEK in 2024. This represents an increase of approximately 8.3% over three years. The trend is partly explained by increased demand for specialist competence in infectious diseases and infection control, especially in relation to global health threats and pandemics. Salary increases also reflect a greater focus on attracting and retaining highly qualified doctors in the field, as competition for expertise has intensified.
Epidemiologist salary – comprehensive overview
- Average salary: 93 600 SEK/month
- Lowest salary: 84,600 SEK/month (men), 91,200 SEK/month (women)
- Highest salary: 110,600 SEK/month (men), 101,500 SEK/month (women)
- Hourly wage: 563 SEK
- Gender differences: Women earn 98% of what men do (men: 94 300 SEK, women: 92 900 SEK)
- Regional differences: Specific regional salary differences are not documented, but variations occur depending on employer and region.
Education and qualifications
To work as an epidemiologist, a solid background in medicine is required, followed by specialist training in infectious diseases or general medicine with a focus on infection control and epidemiology. In addition to formal medical licensure, courses in public health and epidemiology, as well as experience in infection control work, are often necessary. Many epidemiologists have also participated in international training programs or research projects.
- Medical education: 5.5 years (undergraduate) + internship (general practice)
- Specialist training: 5 years in infectious diseases or related fields
- Courses/certifications: Infection control, epidemiology, public health
- Practical experience: Clinical work and experience from infection control units are recommended
- Prerequisites: Medical license and Swedish authorization
Epidemiologists often play a central role in society’s crisis preparedness and collaborate regularly with both national and international actors. This profession offers the opportunity to influence public health on a broad level and participate in global efforts during major outbreaks.
Common benefits and compensations
Epidemiologists are often offered competitive pension contributions, health insurance, opportunities for professional development, as well as access to wellness grants and flexible working hours. In the public sector, additional vacation days and the possibility of research or development time are also common.
Challenges and competition
The competition for epidemiologist positions is relatively low due to the high specialization and increasing need for infection control expertise. At the same time, the profession involves challenges such as high demands on availability, quick decision-making during outbreaks, and the ability to handle complex situations under pressure. Recruitment difficulties are reported nationally, partly because many doctors leave the profession or work part-time. The role also requires continuous further education and updates on new disease threats, which can be both stimulating and demanding.
Tips for aspiring epidemiologists
To succeed as an epidemiologist, having analytical skills and a strong interest in public health and infection control is beneficial. Precision is crucial, especially during investigations and contact tracing, so developing structured work and data collection skills early is advisable. Communication skills are also important, as collaborations occur with colleagues and authorities – practicing clear and factual information transfer during studies is advantageous. Flexibility is often required, especially during urgent outbreaks, and adaptable individuals handle unexpected situations more easily. Finally, seeking internships in infection control and public health during training helps build relevant experience and networks.
Key facts about epidemiologists
- Education level: Specialist doctor with focus on infectious diseases
- Work environment: Office-based with elements of fieldwork
- Demand: Very high, especially during outbreaks and pandemics
- Typical employment: Full-time, often public sector
- Number of available jobs: 375 within the group of specialist doctors
Career paths and future prospects
After three to five years as an epidemiologist, opportunities open for leadership roles within infection control units, the Public Health Agency, or international organizations such as WHO or ECDC. The employment agency’s forecasts indicate that demand for specialist doctors, including epidemiologists, is expected to remain high over the next five years. The recruitment situation is paradoxical, with both high demand and challenges in filling positions, indicating good career opportunities and continued salary growth. Specialist competence in epidemiology is increasingly valuable, and opportunities for research and teaching are common career steps.
Common questions about epidemiologists
- What does an epidemiologist earn?
- An epidemiologist has an average salary of 93 600 SEK per month, with variation depending on experience and employer.
- What education is required to become an epidemiologist?
- A medical degree, license, and specialist training in infectious diseases or related fields are required.
- Are there salary differences between men and women?
- Yes, women earn on average 98% of what men do in the profession.
- What is the job market like for epidemiologists?
- The demand is very high, with 375 available positions within the group of specialist doctors.
- What personal qualities are important for an epidemiologist?
- Analytical skills, precision, communication ability, and flexibility are particularly important.
- What benefits are common for epidemiologists?
- Common benefits include occupational pension, health insurance, wellness grants, and opportunities for professional development.
- Are there opportunities to work internationally?
- Yes, many epidemiologists also work with international organizations and crisis response efforts.
