What does an ophthalmologist do? – Tasks and work environment
An ophthalmologist, also called an ophthalmologist, is a medical specialist responsible for diagnosing, treating, and preventing diseases and injuries of the eye and surrounding tissues. Tasks range from vision tests and investigations of visual problems to advanced surgical procedures, such as cataract surgeries or treatment of retinal diseases. Ophthalmologists often work in hospitals, eye clinics, or private practices, and regularly collaborate with optometrists, nurses, and other medical personnel. The work environment features a combination of patient contact, high-tech examination methods, and demands for precision and empathy.
Salary development over time
Ophthalmologists have shown a clear salary increase over the past three years. In 2022, the average salary was 86,400 SEK per month, which increased to 92 200 SEK in 2023. In 2024, the average salary is 93 600 SEK per month, representing a total increase of approximately 8.3% over the period. This growth is largely explained by high demand for specialists, a shortage of experienced ophthalmologists, and increased requirements for skills in medical technology and patient communication. The market for specialist doctors, including ophthalmologists, has been characterized by recruitment difficulties and a growing healthcare need, further driving up salary levels. The trend indicates continued strong salary growth as the population’s need for eye care increases.
Ophthalmologist salaries – comprehensive overview
- Average salary: 93 600 SEK/month
- Lowest salary: 84,600 SEK/month (men), 91,200 SEK/month (women)
- Highest salary: 110,600 SEK/month (men), 101,500 SEK/month (women)
- Hourly wage (average): 563 SEK/hour
- Gender differences: Women earn 98% of what men do (94 300 SEK for men, 92 900 SEK for women)
- Regional differences: Data on regional salary differences is unavailable
Education and qualifications
To work as an ophthalmologist, a long and specialized education is required. The path begins with medical school, followed by licensing and several years of specialization in eye diseases. The education includes both theoretical and practical components, with high demands for scientific understanding, clinical skills, and ongoing education.
- Medical program: 6 years at university
- Internship (AT): 1.5–2 years for licensing
- Specialist training (ST) in eye diseases: approximately 5 years
- Continuing education: Ongoing courses and certifications in new techniques and treatments
- Prerequisites: University entrance qualification with a focus on science subjects
Many ophthalmologists develop specialized expertise in areas such as pediatric eye care, surgery, or medical retina, which provides opportunities for both deepening and variety in the profession.
Common benefits and compensations
In addition to base salary, employment often includes benefits such as occupational pension, extra vacation days, professional development, and access to modern equipment. Some employers also offer wellness allowances, health insurance, and flexible working hours, especially in the private sector.
Competition and challenges
The profession of ophthalmologist is characterized by high competition for the most attractive positions, while there is also a shortage of specialists nationwide. The recruitment situation is paradoxical: it is difficult to find experienced ophthalmologists, yet there is some turnover as many move on to research or other specialist roles. Technological development demands continuous training and adaptation to new treatment methods. Stress levels can be high, especially during urgent surgeries or periods of high patient volume. Balancing clinical work with administration and further education is a recurring challenge.
Tips for aspiring ophthalmologists
To succeed as an ophthalmologist, it is helpful to combine analytical skills with a genuine interest in medical technology and patient contact. Curiosity and a willingness to learn continuously facilitate adapting to new treatment methods and instruments. Precision is crucial, as small details can significantly impact a patient’s vision and quality of life. Good communication skills aid in meetings with patients of different ages and situations, especially when explaining diagnoses and treatment options clearly. Patience and empathy are important qualities for creating trust and confidence among patients with anxiety or visual impairment. Early internships and networking with experienced colleagues can provide valuable insights into daily work and requirements. Finally, flexibility and readiness to work both day and evening shifts, depending on the workplace and focus, are advantageous.
Key facts about ophthalmologists
- Salary range: 84,600–110,600 SEK/month
- Education level: Medical license + ST (total approx. 12–13 years)
- Work environment: Hospitals, clinics, and private practices
- Demand: Great opportunities for employment and increasing demand long-term
- Professional group: Specialist doctor
Career paths and outlook
After three to five years as an ophthalmologist, there are opportunities to develop further within surgical specialization, research, or management. Some choose to focus on subspecialties such as pediatric eye care, glaucoma, or retinal diseases, while others move into educational roles or leadership positions within healthcare. Forecasts from the Swedish Public Employment Service show very good employment prospects, with demand expected to grow further over the next five years. Nationwide recruitment difficulties mean good chances for both recent graduates and experienced ophthalmologists to find attractive positions. At the latest survey, there were 375 job openings, reflecting high demand.
Frequently asked questions about ophthalmologists
- What is the average salary of an ophthalmologist?
- The average salary is 93 600 SEK per month.
- How long is the training to become an ophthalmologist?
- It takes approximately 12–13 years from starting medical school to becoming a licensed specialist.
- Are there salary differences between men and women?
- Yes, women earn on average 98% of what men do in the profession.
- What is the job market like for ophthalmologists?
- Opportunities for employment are very good, and demand is increasing.
- What are the highest and lowest salaries for ophthalmologists?
- The highest salary is 110,600 SEK and the lowest is 84,600 SEK per month.
- What personal qualities are important for ophthalmologists?
- Attention to detail, empathy, analytical skills, and good communication are key qualities.
- Do ophthalmologists mainly work in the public or private sector?
- Most work in the public sector, but private practice is also common.
